Table of Contents

Introduction

Secondary causes/risk factors of bone loss

Bone histomorphometry under GCs

Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and bone

GCs and osteoblast activity

GCs and osteoclast activity

GCs and local bone factors (cytokines, growth factors and prostanoids)

Diagnosis of GCOP

Laboratory tests and markers of bone turnover

Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Assessment

Prevention and treatment of GCOP

General preventive strategies

Therapeutic options

Future therapeutic options