Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

Cellular and intracellular calcium and phosphorous metabolism

CALCIUM METABOLISM

PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM

SKELETAL METABOLISM

Bone Cells

Bone Growth, Modeling and Remodeling

RANKL, RANK, and OPG

HORMONAL REGULATION OF SKELETAL AND MINERAL METABOLISM PARATHYROID HORMONE

Secretory Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone and the Calcium Sensor

Metabolism and Clearance of Parathyroid Hormone

Biologic Effects of Parathyroid Hormone

Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP)

Malignancy and PTHrP

CALCITONIN

VITAMIN D

OTHER HORMONES

SUMMARY

CLINICAL IMPLICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES