Contents
Contributors
Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  • CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF HYPOCALCEMIA
  • ETIOLOGY OF HYPOCALCEMIA
  • Hypocalcemia can result from disorders of vitamin D metabolism and action, hypoparathyroidism, resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), or a number of other conditions (Table 2).  These topics are discussed in separate sections below.
  • VITAMIN D DISORDERS RESULTING IN HYPOCALCEMIA
  • Inherited Disorders of Vitamin D Metabolism and Action
  • Nutritional Vitamin D Deficiency
  • HYPOPARATHYROIDISM
  • Post-Surgical Hypoparathyroidism and Hypocalcemia
  • Developmental Disorders of the Parathyroid Gland
  • Genetic Etiologies of Hypoparathyroidism
  • Hypoparathyroidism in Association with Syndromes 
  • Familial Isolated Hypoparathyroidism
  • Mutations Affecting the Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor
  • Hypoparathyroidism, Sensory Neural Deafness, Renal Dysplasia Syndrome
  • Polyglandular Autoimmune Disease
  • PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM
  • Pathophysiology
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Diagnosis and Management of Pseudohypoparathyroidism
  • Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
  • OTHER CAUSES OF HYPOCALCEMIA
  • Neonatal Hypocalcemia
  • Factitious Hypocalcemia Due to Hypoalbuminemia or to Gadolinium Administration 
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Hyperphosphatemia
  • Medications and Toxins
  • "Hungry Bone Syndrome"
  • Pancreatitis
  • Hypocalcemia Associated With Critical Illness
  • Transfusion-Related  Causes of Hypocalcemia
  • TREATMENT OF HYPOCALCEMIA
  • The decision to treat is dependent on presenting symptoms, and the severity and rapidity with which hypocalcemia develops.
  • Acute Hypocalcemia
  • Chronic Hypocalcemia
  • Replacement with PTH for Hypoparathyroidism